Sanitary Napkins Raw Material Composition and Properties

# Sanitary Napkins Raw Material Composition and Properties

Sanitary napkins, also known as sanitary pads, are essential hygiene products used by women during menstruation. Understanding the raw materials used in their production is crucial for ensuring comfort, safety, and effectiveness. This article delves into the composition and properties of the raw materials commonly used in sanitary napkins.

## Core Components of Sanitary Napkins

The primary components of sanitary napkins include the top sheet, absorbent core, back sheet, and adhesive. Each of these components is made from specific materials that contribute to the overall functionality of the product.

### Top Sheet

The top sheet is the layer that comes into direct contact with the skin. It is typically made from non-woven fabric or perforated film. The materials used must be soft, breathable, and hypoallergenic to prevent irritation and ensure comfort.

### Absorbent Core

The absorbent core is the most critical part of the sanitary napkin, responsible for absorbing menstrual fluid. It is usually composed of a blend of fluff pulp and superabsorbent polymers (SAP). Fluff pulp provides bulk and softness, while SAP enhances the absorbency and retention capacity.

### Back Sheet

The back sheet is the outermost layer that prevents leakage. It is generally made from polyethylene film or a combination of polyethylene and non-woven fabric. This layer must be impermeable to liquids while remaining flexible and comfortable.

### Adhesive

Adhesive is used to secure the sanitary napkin to the underwear. It is typically a pressure-sensitive adhesive that provides a strong yet gentle hold. The adhesive must be skin-friendly and easy to remove without leaving residue.

## Properties of Raw Materials

The raw materials used in sanitary napkins must possess specific properties to ensure the product’s effectiveness and user comfort.

### Softness and Comfort

Materials used in the top sheet and absorbent core must be soft to prevent irritation and ensure comfort during use. Non-woven fabrics and fluff pulp are chosen for their gentle texture.

### Absorbency and Retention

The absorbent core must have high absorbency and retention capabilities to manage menstrual flow effectively. Superabsorbent polymers are incorporated to enhance these properties.

### Breathability

Breathability is essential to prevent moisture buildup and maintain skin health. Non-woven fabrics and perforated films used in the top sheet allow air circulation, reducing the risk of irritation and discomfort.

### Leakage Prevention

The back sheet must be impermeable to liquids to prevent leakage. Polyethylene films are commonly used for their excellent barrier properties.

### Skin-Friendliness

All materials used in sanitary napkins must be hypoallergenic and free from harmful chemicals to ensure they are safe for prolonged skin contact. Adhesives and other components are tested for skin compatibility to prevent allergic reactions.

## Conclusion

The composition and properties of raw materials used in sanitary napkins play a vital role in determining the product’s effectiveness, comfort, and safety. By understanding these components, manufacturers can produce high-quality sanitary napkins that meet the needs of users, ensuring a comfortable and secure experience during menstruation.